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Letter from Elias Higbee, 22 February 1840

Source Note

Elias Higbee

23 Oct. 1795–8 June 1843. Clerk, judge, surveyor. Born at Galloway, Gloucester Co., New Jersey. Son of Isaac Higbee and Sophia Somers. Moved to Clermont Co., Ohio, 1803. Married Sarah Elizabeth Ward, 10 Sept. 1818, in Tate Township, Clermont Co. Lived at ...

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, Letter,
Washington DC

Created as district for seat of U.S. federal government by act of Congress, 1790, and named Washington DC, 1791. Named in honor of George Washington. Headquarters of executive, legislative, and judicial branches of U.S. government relocated to Washington ...

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, to JS, [
Commerce

Located near middle of western boundary of state, bordering Mississippi River. European Americans settled area, 1820s. From bank of river, several feet above high-water mark, ground described as nearly level for six or seven blocks before gradually sloping...

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, Hancock Co., IL?], 22 Feb. 1840. Featured version copied [between Apr. and June 1840] in JS Letterbook 2, pp. 111–115; handwriting of
Howard Coray

6 May 1817–16 Jan. 1908. Bookkeeper, clerk, teacher, farmer. Born in Dansville, Steuben Co., New York. Son of Silas Coray and Mary Stephens. Moved to Providence, Luzerne Co., Pennsylvania, ca. 1827; to Williams, Northampton Co., Pennsylvania, by 1830; and...

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; JS Collection, CHL. For more complete source information, see the source note for JS Letterbook 2.

Historical Introduction

On 22 February 1840,
Elias Higbee

23 Oct. 1795–8 June 1843. Clerk, judge, surveyor. Born at Galloway, Gloucester Co., New Jersey. Son of Isaac Higbee and Sophia Somers. Moved to Clermont Co., Ohio, 1803. Married Sarah Elizabeth Ward, 10 Sept. 1818, in Tate Township, Clermont Co. Lived at ...

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wrote a letter to JS from
Washington DC

Created as district for seat of U.S. federal government by act of Congress, 1790, and named Washington DC, 1791. Named in honor of George Washington. Headquarters of executive, legislative, and judicial branches of U.S. government relocated to Washington ...

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, the fourth in a series of seven extant letters written to inform JS of the proceedings of the Senate Committee on the Judiciary, which was considering the
church

The Book of Mormon related that when Christ set up his church in the Americas, “they which were baptized in the name of Jesus, were called the church of Christ.” The first name used to denote the church JS organized on 6 April 1830 was “the Church of Christ...

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’s memorial.
1

See Historical Introduction to Letter from Elias Higbee, 20 Feb. 1840–A.


In this letter, Higbee continued to recount the testimonies given to the committee by Senator
Lewis F. Linn

5 Nov. 1795/1796–3 Oct. 1843. Physician, politician. Born near Louisville, Jefferson Co., Kentucky. Son of Asahel Linn and Nancy Hunter. Served in War of 1812. Studied medicine in Louisville and Philadelphia. Established medical practice, 1816, in Sainte ...

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and Representative
John Jameson

6 Mar. 1802–24 Jan. 1857. Farmer, lawyer, politician. Born in Mount Sterling, Montgomery Co., Kentucky. Moved to Callaway Co., Missouri, 1825. Served in Missouri House of Representatives, 1830–1836, and served as Speaker of the House, 1834, 1836. Served in...

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of
Missouri

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

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(both of whom had also testified on 21 February), as well as that of a Mr. Corwin, whom Higbee described in this letter as a former newspaper editor from
St. Louis

Located on west side of Mississippi River about fifteen miles south of confluence with Missouri River. Founded as fur-trading post by French settlers, 1764. Incorporated as town, 1809. First Mississippi steamboat docked by town, 1817. Incorporated as city...

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. Higbee responded to Linn’s and Jameson’s respective testimonies—which depicted church members and JS negatively—and suggested that the church prepare several men to travel to Washington as witnesses if the committee decided that the church’s memorial should be considered in an additional investigation.
Higbee

23 Oct. 1795–8 June 1843. Clerk, judge, surveyor. Born at Galloway, Gloucester Co., New Jersey. Son of Isaac Higbee and Sophia Somers. Moved to Clermont Co., Ohio, 1803. Married Sarah Elizabeth Ward, 10 Sept. 1818, in Tate Township, Clermont Co. Lived at ...

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presumably sent this letter by post to
Commerce

Located near middle of western boundary of state, bordering Mississippi River. European Americans settled area, 1820s. From bank of river, several feet above high-water mark, ground described as nearly level for six or seven blocks before gradually sloping...

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, Illinois, and JS presumably received it after he returned to Commerce by 29 February 1840.
2

John Smith, Journal, 1836–1840, 29 Feb. 1840, [58].


Comprehensive Works Cited

Smith, John (1781-1854). Journal, 1833–1841. John Smith, Papers, 1833-1854. CHL. MS 1326, box 1.

The original letter is not extant.
Howard Coray

6 May 1817–16 Jan. 1908. Bookkeeper, clerk, teacher, farmer. Born in Dansville, Steuben Co., New York. Son of Silas Coray and Mary Stephens. Moved to Providence, Luzerne Co., Pennsylvania, ca. 1827; to Williams, Northampton Co., Pennsylvania, by 1830; and...

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copied the version featured here into JS Letterbook 2 sometime between April and June 1840.
3

Coray, Autobiographical Sketch, 17, 19.


Comprehensive Works Cited

Coray, Howard. Autobiographical Sketch, after 1883. Howard Coray, Papers, ca. 1840–1941. Photocopy. CHL. MS 2043, fd. 1.

Footnotes

  1. [1]

    See Historical Introduction to Letter from Elias Higbee, 20 Feb. 1840–A.

  2. [2]

    John Smith, Journal, 1836–1840, 29 Feb. 1840, [58].

    Smith, John (1781-1854). Journal, 1833–1841. John Smith, Papers, 1833-1854. CHL. MS 1326, box 1.

  3. [3]

    Coray, Autobiographical Sketch, 17, 19.

    Coray, Howard. Autobiographical Sketch, after 1883. Howard Coray, Papers, ca. 1840–1941. Photocopy. CHL. MS 2043, fd. 1.

Asterisk (*) denotes a "featured" version, which includes an introduction and annotation. *Letter from Elias Higbee, 22 February 1840 Letterbook 2 History, 1838–1856, volume C-1 [2 November 1838–31 July 1842] “History of Joseph Smith”

Page 114

take it up according to request, the committee will Senate will grant the committee power to send for persons & papers. The committee made some enquiries, respecting our religion, and I answered them, as a matter of course as well as I could. They enquired very particularly, concerning how much land we had entered there, and how much of it, yet remained unsold; when Mr.— Corwin observed that we had never entered much Land there, but were squatters. I then described the size of
Caldwell

Located in northwest Missouri. Settled by whites, by 1831. Described as being “one-third timber and two-thirds prairie” in 1836. Created specifically for Latter-day Saints by Missouri state legislature, 29 Dec. 1836, in attempt to solve “Mormon problem.” ...

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&
Daviess

Area in northwest Missouri settled by European Americans, 1830. Sparsely inhabited until 1838. Created from Ray Co., Dec. 1836, in attempt to resolve conflicts related to Latter-day Saint settlement in that region. County is transected diagonally from northwest...

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Counties, giving an explanation on these matters.
20

Though the precise acreage is unknown, church members had purchased large quantities of land in Caldwell County and had settled on a vast amount of property in Daviess County in order to claim preemption rights when the federal government made that land available for public sale. (See Walker, “Mormon Land Rights,” 4–55; Gentry, “Land Question at Adam-ondi-Ahman,” 45–56; and Baugh, “Call to Arms,” 31–34; see also LeSueur, 1838 Mormon War in Missouri, 237–239.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Walker, Jeffrey N. “Mormon Land Rights in Caldwell and Daviess Counties and the Mormon Conflict of 1838: New Findings and New Understandings.” BYU Studies 47, no. 1 (2008): 4–55.

Gentry, Leland H. “The Land Question at Adam-ondi-Ahman.” BYU Studies 26, no. 2 (Spring 1986): 45–56.

Baugh, Alexander L. “A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri.” PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1996. Also available as A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri, Dissertations in Latter-day Saint History (Provo, UT: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History; BYU Studies, 2000).

LeSueur, Stephen C. The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987.

I suppose, perhaps on monday or tuesday
21

24 or 25 February 1840.


we shall know something relative to this matter; whether power be given them to send for persons & papers. You may see where they depend to rally their forces, viz, by endeavouring to make us treasonable characters, by the constitution, Sd. to govern us, and that every thing both civil & Political, among us is done by revelation. These points I desire to blow to the four winds, and that you will select a number of firm Bretheren, possessing good understanding; who will tell the truth, and willingly send me their names, when they know they are wanted. Send plenty of them, They will get two dollars per day, and ten cents a mile to and from, expence money. Do not send them untill their subpena’s get there, for they will not draw expence money only for going home
I will suggest af few names—
Alanson Ripley

8 Jan. 1798–before 1860. Surveyor, lawyer. Born at New York. Son of Asa Ripley and Polly Deforest. Married Sarah Finkle. Resided in Massachusetts, 1827. Member of Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Ohio. Participated in Camp of Israel expedition...

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,
King Follett

24/26 July 1788–9 Mar. 1844. Born at Winchester, Cheshire Co., New Hampshire. Son of John Follett and Hannah Oak (Oake) Alexander. Married Louisa Tanner, by 1815. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, spring 1831. Member of Whitmer branch...

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Amasa Lyman

30 Mar. 1813–4 Feb. 1877. Boatman, gunsmith, farmer. Born at Lyman, Grafton Co., New Hampshire. Son of Roswell Lyman and Martha Mason. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints by Lyman E. Johnson, 27 Apr. 1832. Moved to Hiram, Portage Co....

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—
Francis M. Higbee

1820–after 1850. Attorney, merchant. Born in Tate, Clermont Co., Ohio. Son of Elias Higbee and Sarah Elizabeth Ward. Moved to Fulton, Hamilton Co., Ohio, by 1830. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, 1832. Moved to Jackson Co., Missouri...

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, as, they know concerning the
Dewitt

Located on bluffs north of Missouri River, about six miles above mouth of Grand River. Permanently settled, by 1826. Laid out, 1836. First called Elderport; name changed to De Witt, 1837, when town acquired by speculators David Thomas and Henry Root, who ...

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scrape,
22

Lyman witnessed the immediate aftermath of the October 1838 siege of De Witt as a spy charged with reporting on the growth and movements of the vigilantes throughout the region. Ripley and Higbee were both members of the church militia that was active in Daviess and Caldwell counties during the 1838 conflict and may have been among the group of men who traveled to De Witt with JS to help protect the Saints there. Follett also may have been part of the group that traveled to De Witt with JS. (“Amasa Lyman’s History,” Deseret News [Salt Lake City], 15 Sept. 1858, 121; Baugh, “Call to Arms,” appendix E; Corrill, Brief History, 35.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Deseret News. Salt Lake City. 1850–.

Baugh, Alexander L. “A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri.” PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1996. Also available as A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri, Dissertations in Latter-day Saint History (Provo, UT: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History; BYU Studies, 2000).

also send others
Charles [C.] Rich

21 Aug. 1809–17 Nov. 1883. Schoolteacher, farmer, cooper. Born in Campbell Co., Kentucky. Son of Joseph Rich and Nancy O’Neal. Moved to Posey Township, Dearborn Co., Indiana, ca. 1810. Moved to Tazewell Co., Illinois, 1829. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ...

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,
Seymour Brunson

1 Dec. 1798–10 Aug. 1840. Farmer. Born at Plattsburg, Clinton Co., New York. Son of Reuben Brunson and Sally Clark. Served in War of 1812. Married Harriet Gould of Hector, Tompkins Co., New York, ca. 1823. Baptized into Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day...

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& others.
23

As members of the church militia, Rich and Brunson were involved in several events related to the Missouri conflict. (Charles C. Rich, Statement, ca. Feb. 1845, Historian’s Office, JS History Documents, ca. 1839–1860, CHL; Reed Peck, Quincy, IL, to “Dear Friends,” 18 Sept. 1839, p. 87, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.)


Comprehensive Works Cited

Historian’s Office. Joseph Smith History Documents, 1839–1860. CHL. CR 100 396.

Peck, Reed. Letter, Quincy, IL, to “Dear Friends,” 18 Sept. 1839. Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.

You will know whom to send better than myself. If the Missourians should send for you, I would say consult God about going
24

This sentence apparently refers to the possibility that Linn and Jameson might subpoena JS to appear as a witness should the church’s memorial be considered further by a Senate committee.


Elias Higbee

23 Oct. 1795–8 June 1843. Clerk, judge, surveyor. Born at Galloway, Gloucester Co., New Jersey. Son of Isaac Higbee and Sophia Somers. Moved to Clermont Co., Ohio, 1803. Married Sarah Elizabeth Ward, 10 Sept. 1818, in Tate Township, Clermont Co. Lived at ...

View Full Bio
.
P. S.
Mr. Jamison

6 Mar. 1802–24 Jan. 1857. Farmer, lawyer, politician. Born in Mount Sterling, Montgomery Co., Kentucky. Moved to Callaway Co., Missouri, 1825. Served in Missouri House of Representatives, 1830–1836, and served as Speaker of the House, 1834, 1836. Served in...

View Full Bio
stated to me this evening, if the Mormons could make it appear that they had been wronged; They would use their influence in having them redressed, so the shame should not fall on the whole
State

Area acquired by U.S. in Louisiana Purchase, 1803, and established as territory, 1812. Missouri Compromise, 1820, admitted Missouri as slave state, 1821. Population in 1830 about 140,000; in 1836 about 240,000; and in 1840 about 380,000. Latter-day Saint ...

More Info
, but on that which had been guilty. I [p. 114]
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Source Note

Document Transcript

Page 114

Document Information

Related Case Documents
Editorial Title
Letter from Elias Higbee, 22 February 1840
ID #
517
Total Pages
5
Print Volume Location
JSP, D7:193–198
Handwriting on This Page
  • Howard Coray

Footnotes

  1. [20]

    Though the precise acreage is unknown, church members had purchased large quantities of land in Caldwell County and had settled on a vast amount of property in Daviess County in order to claim preemption rights when the federal government made that land available for public sale. (See Walker, “Mormon Land Rights,” 4–55; Gentry, “Land Question at Adam-ondi-Ahman,” 45–56; and Baugh, “Call to Arms,” 31–34; see also LeSueur, 1838 Mormon War in Missouri, 237–239.)

    Walker, Jeffrey N. “Mormon Land Rights in Caldwell and Daviess Counties and the Mormon Conflict of 1838: New Findings and New Understandings.” BYU Studies 47, no. 1 (2008): 4–55.

    Gentry, Leland H. “The Land Question at Adam-ondi-Ahman.” BYU Studies 26, no. 2 (Spring 1986): 45–56.

    Baugh, Alexander L. “A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri.” PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1996. Also available as A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri, Dissertations in Latter-day Saint History (Provo, UT: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History; BYU Studies, 2000).

    LeSueur, Stephen C. The 1838 Mormon War in Missouri. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 1987.

  2. [21]

    24 or 25 February 1840.

  3. [22]

    Lyman witnessed the immediate aftermath of the October 1838 siege of De Witt as a spy charged with reporting on the growth and movements of the vigilantes throughout the region. Ripley and Higbee were both members of the church militia that was active in Daviess and Caldwell counties during the 1838 conflict and may have been among the group of men who traveled to De Witt with JS to help protect the Saints there. Follett also may have been part of the group that traveled to De Witt with JS. (“Amasa Lyman’s History,” Deseret News [Salt Lake City], 15 Sept. 1858, 121; Baugh, “Call to Arms,” appendix E; Corrill, Brief History, 35.)

    Deseret News. Salt Lake City. 1850–.

    Baugh, Alexander L. “A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri.” PhD diss., Brigham Young University, 1996. Also available as A Call to Arms: The 1838 Mormon Defense of Northern Missouri, Dissertations in Latter-day Saint History (Provo, UT: Joseph Fielding Smith Institute for Latter-day Saint History; BYU Studies, 2000).

  4. [23]

    As members of the church militia, Rich and Brunson were involved in several events related to the Missouri conflict. (Charles C. Rich, Statement, ca. Feb. 1845, Historian’s Office, JS History Documents, ca. 1839–1860, CHL; Reed Peck, Quincy, IL, to “Dear Friends,” 18 Sept. 1839, p. 87, Henry E. Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.)

    Historian’s Office. Joseph Smith History Documents, 1839–1860. CHL. CR 100 396.

    Peck, Reed. Letter, Quincy, IL, to “Dear Friends,” 18 Sept. 1839. Huntington Library, San Marino, CA.

  5. [24]

    This sentence apparently refers to the possibility that Linn and Jameson might subpoena JS to appear as a witness should the church’s memorial be considered further by a Senate committee.

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