Footnotes
“Obituary of Leo Hawkins,” Millennial Star, 30 July 1859, 21:496–497.
Latter-day Saints’ Millennial Star. Manchester, England, 1840–1842; Liverpool, 1842–1932; London, 1932–1970.
Bitton and Arrington, Mormons and Their Historians, 48–52, 55.
Bitton, David, and Leonard J. Arrington. Mormons and Their Historians. Salt Lake City: University of Utah Press, 1988.
See the full bibliographic entry for JS Collection, 1827–1844, in the CHL catalog.
Footnotes
Edema is defined as a “a swelling produced by the presence of serous fluid in the oreolar tissue or in the substance of a part.” The cause of Smith’s edema is not known, though it was apparently located in her abdomen. (“Oedema,” in Oxford English Dictionary, 7:65; Huntington, Cemetery Records, [26].)
Oxford English Dictionary. Compact ed. 2 vols. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1971.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 12; “Funeral of Mrs. Caroline Smith,” Times and Seasons, 1 June 1845, 6:920; Clayton, Journal, 10 May 1843; Smith, “History of Philadelphia Branch,” 117; William Smith, Hornerstown, NJ, to Jedediah M. Grant, Philadelphia, PA, 26 Nov. 1843, in Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 13; Letter from Jedediah M. Grant, 17 or 18 Aug. 1843.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Times and Seasons. Commerce/Nauvoo, IL. Nov. 1839–Feb. 1846.
Clayton, William. Journals, 1842–1845. CHL.
Smith, Walter W. “History of Philadelphia Branch.” Journal of History 12 (Jan. 1919): 111–118.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 12, 16.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 13, 15–19.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Smith, “History of Philadelphia Branch,” 117–118.
Smith, Walter W. “History of Philadelphia Branch.” Journal of History 12 (Jan. 1919): 111–118.
Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 2.
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
Letters exchanged between William Smith and Jedediah M. Grant in November 1843 refer to the physician as “Dr. Newell.” (Smith, Defence of Elder William Smith, 13, 15.)
Smith, William. Defence of Elder William Smith, against the Slanders of Abraham Burtis, and Others; in Which Are Included Several Certificates, and the Duties of Members in the Church of Christ, in Settling Difficulties One with Another, According to the Law of God. Philadelphia: Brown, Bicking and Guilbert, 1844.
In 1843, the United States was still mired in an economic depression that began in 1839. (See Howe, What Hath God Wrought, 504–505; and Wallis, “Depression of 1839 to 1843,” 31–32.)
Howe, Daniel Walker. What Hath God Wrought: The Transformation of America, 1815–1848. The Oxford History of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Wallis, John Joseph. “The Depression of 1839 to 1843: States, Debts, and Banks.” Unpublished paper. Copy in editors’ possession.
After he was excommunicated for sexual misconduct in May 1842, John C. Bennett accused JS of committing adultery and planning an assassination attempt on former Missouri governor Lilburn W. Boggs. In June and July 1842, Bennett sent a series of letters to the Sangamo Journal attacking JS and the church and later gave a series of related lectures in New York and Massachusetts. In October, Bennett published a virulent exposé of the church titled The History of the Saints; or, An Exposé of Joe Smith and Mormonism. (“Joseph Smith Documents from May through August 1842”; “A Row among the Mormons,” Sun [Baltimore], 22 July 1842, [2]; “Trouble in the Mormon Camp,” New-Bedford [MA] Register, 27 July 1842, [3]; “Important from the Far West,” New York Herald [New York City], 21 July 1842, [2]; Smith, Saintly Scoundrel, 108, 119, 121–122.)
Sun. Baltimore. 1837–2008.
New-Bedford Register. New Bedford, MA. 1839–1843.
New York Herald. New York City. 1835–1924.
Smith, Andrew F. The Saintly Scoundrel: The Life and Times of Dr. John Cook Bennett. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1997.
In 1841, newspapers in Philadelphia published a series of articles accusing the church of defrauding members in the area, which may have made some members more reticent to donate to the church. These accusations likely stemmed from a misunderstanding of the church’s efforts to acquire property from converts in New Jersey and Pennsylvania in exchange for land in Nauvoo or Iowa Territory; the eastern lands were later sold to satisfy debts incurred by the purchase of land from Connecticut land speculators Horace Hotchkiss, Smith Tuttle, and John Gillet in 1839. (See Historical Introduction to Letter from John Laws, 18 Oct. 1841; and Bond from Horace Hotchkiss, 12 Aug. 1839–A.)